214 Must-Know Chinese Radical Meanings for Every Learner

214 Must-Know Chinese Radical Meanings for Every Learner

For those who are learning the Chinese language, Chinese radicals are not a new concept. Many learners acknowledge the power of radicals in helping them learn Chinese characters more efficiently. And I bet you will too!

A radical is the main element in a character, and it hints at the meaning of the character. Mastering Chinese radical meanings will ease your learning journey and save you time and effort. Let’s find out more about Chinese radical meaning, including a list of the 214 must-know Chinese radicals, their hanzi, pinyin, and meaning.

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What are Chinese radicals?

Let’s have a brief introduction to Chinese radicals. 

Chinese radicals are characters that help classify other characters into various groups based on these key pieces and these radicals serve as a semantic indicator. This means radicals can either stand as a single unit or combine with other Chinese components to form radical compounds. 

They are somewhat similar to prefixes and suffixes in English. Instead of creating thousands of new characters, the Chinese language pairs two or more radicals together to form a radical compound character. When a radical is placed next to a component, it add more context to the whole character. If you’re still not sure what we mean, read on for examples!

An example of how Chinese radicals work

Let’s see what Chinese radicals can bring to the table! 

A radical has several functions: it hints at the character’s meaning and may even suggest the pronunciation. If a radical serves as a semantic function, it provides part or all of the meaning. If a radical serves as a phonetic (pronunciation) function, it indicates the sound to the character (or something very close to it). 

Let’s study an example below.

爸 bà, which means dad, is made of 2 radicals:

  • 父 fù (father), is the semantic radical and also the key element

  • 巴 bā (to wish), is the phonetics radical, i.e. most of the characters which contain 巴 are pronounced similarly to “ba”.

Why does learning Chinese radical meanings benefit you?

All in all, learning Chinese radicals and their meaning will ease your Chinese learning progress. Radicals let you understand the relationships between components of a character. You can learn more characters if you know many radicals. Also, you can guess the meaning or pronunciation of a character if you know what the radical implies. 

character radical-min

Chinese characters are made up of radicals

List of 214 official Chinese radical meanings

Well, what’s next after knowing about radicals and their benefits? It’s time for you to explore this comprehensive list of 214 Chinese radicals. 

Each radical will be displayed along with its pinyin (romanized spelling for Chinese) and its English meaning. It’s easy to follow as starts with characters with the least number of strokes. You can download the table, store it on your computer, or print it out so you can reach for it whenever you need it. 

Number

Key

Pinyin

English

1

one

2

gǔn

line

3

zhǔ

stroke

4

丿 乀 乁

oblique

5

乙 乚 乛

sickle

6

jué

hook

7

èr

two

8

tóu

shelter, head

9

人 亻

rén

man

10

er

child

11

to enter

12

八 丷

eight, separate

13

jiōng

scope

14

to cover

15

bīng

ice

16

table

17

qiǎn

container

18

刂 刁 刀 ク

dāo

knife

19

force

20

bāo

to wrap

21

spoon, man overthrown

22

fāng

open box

23

to hide

24

shí

ten

25

bo

divination

26

jié

seal

27

chǎng

production facility

28

secret

29

又 ヌ

yòu

still, hand

30

kǒu

mouth

31

wéi

enclosure

32

earth

33

shì

scholar

34

zhǐ

to go

35

suī

go slowly

36

evening

37

big

38

woman

39

zi

child

40

mián

roof

41

cùn

thumb

42

小 ⺌ ⺍

xiǎo

small

43

yóu

weak

44

shī

dead body

45

chè

germ

46

shān

mountain

47

川 巛

chuān

river

48

gōng

work

49

personal

50

jīn

turban

51

gàn

dry

52

yāo

tiny

53

广

guǎng

shelter

54

yǐn

great, stride

55

gǒng

two, hands

56

arrow-grapin

57

gōng

bow

58

彐 彑

snout

59

shān

beard, brush

60

chì

walk around

61

心 忄

xīn

heart

62

halberd

63

戶 户

gate

64

手 扌 才

shǒu

hand

65

zhī

branch

66

攴 攵

to bump, hand

67

wén

writing

68

dòu

measurer

69

jīn

ax, 500 grams

70

fāng

square, direction

71

without

72

sun

73

yuē

to say

74

yuè

moon

75

木 朩

tree

76

qiàn

tired

77

zhǐ

to stop

78

dǎi

death

79

shū

weapon

80

母 毋 毌

mother

81

to confront

82

máo

fur

83

shì

clan

84

air

85

水 氵 氺

shuǐ

water

86

火 灬

huǒ

fire

87

爪 爫

zhǎo

claw

88

father

89

yáo

double

90

pán

splitted, wood

91

piàn

slice

92

tooth, ivory

93

牛 牜 ⺧

niú

beef

94

犬 犭

quǎn

dog

95

xuán

deep

96

王 玉

jade

97

guā

melon

98

tile

99

gān

sweet

100

shēng

be born

101

yòng

to use

102

tián

field

103

疋 ⺪

roll, piece of cloth

104

disease

105

to go up

106

bái

white

107

skin

108

mǐn

container

109

eye

110

máo

spear

111

shǐ

arrow

112

shí

stone

113

示 礻

shì

to venerate, to show

114

róu

get away

115

grain

116

xué

cave, swing door

117

standing up

118

竹 ⺮ ケ

shì

bamboo

119

rice

120

糸 纟

silk

121

fǒu

jar

122

网 罒 罓 罓

wǎng

net

123

羊 ⺶ ⺷

yáng

sheep

124

feather

125

老 耂

lǎo

old

126

ér

and

127

lěi

plow

128

ěr

ear

129

brush

130

肉 月

ròu

meat

131

chén

minister

132

personal

133

zhì

to reach

134

jiù

mortar

135

shé

tongue

136

chuǎn

to oppose

137

zhōu

boat

138

gěn

decided

139

color

140

cao

vegetable

141

tiger

142

chóng

insect

143

xuè

blood

144

xíng

circulate

145

衣 衤

cloth

146

西 覀

xi

lid

147

jiàn

to see

148

jiǎo

horn

149

言 讠

yán

speech (trad)

150

valley

151

dòu

pea

152

chù

pig

153

zhì

feline, cat family

154

bèi

shell, money

155

chì

red

156

zǒu

to walk

157

foot

158

shēn

body

159

chē

car

160

xīn

bitter

161

chén

morning

162

chuò

brisk walking

163

阝 (邑)

city

164

yǒu

alcohol

165

biàn

to distinguish

166

neighborhood

167

金 钅

jīn

gold, metal

168

zhǎng

long

169

mén

gate

170

阝(阜)

mound

171

servant

172

zhuī

short-tailed bird

173

rain

174

qīng

blue/green

175

fēi

false

176

miàn

face

177

leather

178

wéi

tanned leather

179

jiǔ

leek

180

yīn

sound

181

页 頁

head, leaf

182

fēng

wind

183

fēi

to fly

184

食 饣

shí

to eat

185

shǒu

head

186

xiāng

perfume

187

horse

188

bone

189

gāo

high

190

biāo

hair

191

dòu

fight

192

chàng

sacrificial wine

193

cauldron

194

guǐ

ghost

195

fish

196

niǎo

bird

197

salt

198

鹿

deer

199

mài

corn

200

hemp

201

huáng

yellow

202

shǔ

millet

203

hēi

black

204

zhǐ

embroidery

205

miǎn

frog

206

dǐng

tripod

207

drum

208

shǔ

rat

209

nose

210

regular

211

齿

chǐ

tooth, engrenage

212

lóng

dragon

213

guī

tortoise

214

yuè

flute

214 Chinese radical meaning PDF list

How do you memorize Chinese radical meaning? 

Mnemonics are proven effective memory technique that is popular in studying Chinese. This method connects familiar concepts with new information making it effective to memorize Chinese radicals to build up your vocabulary.

With complex Chinese characters with multiple strokes and look alike, memorizing them can be difficult. Thus, mnemonic techniques help break down these complex characters into simpler components and create memorable stories to connect them to their stroke order and their meaning. 

For instance, the character 越 (yuè, "to surpass/exceed") is composed of:

  •  the radical 走 (zǒu, "go")

  • the radical 戈 (gē, "halberd")

A mnemonic phrase might be: 'To surpass competitors in a race, run (走) with a halberd (戈), and they'll back off!'"


Frequently asked questions 

What do all the Chinese radicals mean?

All Chinese radicals have a specific meaning. Breaking down complex Chinese characters into their base radical components. These Chinese radical meanings will give clues to the overall character’s translation and pronunciation. 

Is it useful to learn Chinese radicals?

Learning Chinese radicals and their meanings is super beneficial for any Chinese learner. Radicals are key to getting more insights into complex Chinese characters as they provide context and hints to the meanings. So, knowing Chinese radical meanings will build your Chinese vocabulary faster.

How many Chinese radicals should I know?

While there are 214 Chinese radical meanings, you do not need to memorize all of them at once. Learning the most commonly used and basic radicals such as  "人" (person) or "口" (mouth) rather obscure ones like 黾 (frog) will expand your Chinese vocabulary faster.

Are Chinese and Japanese radicals the same?

Chinese and Japanese radicals have similarities in their looks, the difference is in their meaning and pronunciations between the languages. If you’re picking between Chinese vs Japanese, be aware of these radical and character differences to avoid confusion.


Final thoughts

Now that you have gained more knowledge about Chinese radical meanings, make the most of your Chinese learning.

If you want more Chinese mnemonics to help you learn these radicals and complex Chinese hanzi, check out Pandanese. Think of Pandanese as the Chinese Wanikani and a great Anki Alternative that will have you effectively have you review your Chinese skills.

Check out our Pandanese app as well!

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